American chestnut on Brush Mountain bears nuts

American chestnut burrThis past May, we discovered unmistakeable evidence that one of the American chestnut trees on top of Laurel Ridge had borne a crop of nuts the previous autumn. Husks littered the ground around the tree for many feet in all directions.

The tree was about fifteeen feet off the trail, and some 40 feet tall. It seemed to be still in good health, with no large lesions from the blight, but when I checked again this afternoon, its leaves were all brown — except for the four-foot-high sprouts at its base.

Read more in my post at Via Negativa.

Giant swallowtail

Giant swallowtail

Yesterday afternoon around 5:30, a very tattered giant swallowtail (Papilio cresphontes) appeared on the butterfly bush in my front garden. This was a new record for the mountain. We watched it nectaring for about ten minutes before it flew away.

The larvae feed on members of the citrus family, so this butterfly’s tattered appearance is understandable. I found the following on eNature:

Known as the “Orange Dog” by citrus growers, the Giant Swallowtail is sometimes considered a citrus pest and is subjected to massive spraying. It is capable of flying long distances and often strays into northern and midwestern districts.

My photos of the butterfly are here. See also my lepidoptera set on Flickr.

–Dave

Encounter with a porcupine

I surprised a porcupine on the ground up in the spruce grove this morning. It was walking along making little grunting noises when I interrrupted. Uncharacteristically, after showing me its backside, it then turned to face me and approached to with two feet of me, clicking its teeth. As it waddled away, it resumed grunting — this is faintly audible in the video.

–Dave

Beetles and Plummers

We’ve just added a couple of nifty new pages here, plus a photo gallery offsite at Flickr. Go to the History section to find links to a page of historical photos, including one of William and Catharine Plummer, the original settlers for whom the hollow was named. Also linked there is a gallery of charming photos from 1919, which we’ve placed at Flickr to take advantage of that site’s superior photo gallery and slideshow applications.

New to the Nature section is an inventory of the beetles of our end of Brush Mountain – the first of many such biological inventories we plan to feature on the site. It may seem like a strange place to start, but as Steve points out, “The Coleoptera of Brush Mountain probably represent the single largest class of living thing on the property, as they do worldwide.”

Counting Birds

The last of our breeding birds, wood pewee and indigo bunting, returned to the mountain just in time for International Migratory Bird Day on May 12. Most of the counting this year was done by Marcia, as she recounts on her blog, with help from some of our hunter friends, who were on the mountain very early in pursuit of spring gobblers. A one-day count may not fully capture the species richness here — we know we missed the nesting sharp-shinned hawks, for example — but it gives a pretty good idea of the birds’ relative abundance. The commonest birds on the mountain appear to be red-eyed vireo (20), scarlet tanager (17), eastern towhee (15), ovenbird (13), black-throated green warbler (13), and wood thrush (11). These numbers represent, if anything, an increase from past years, and lend credence to the claims of ornithologists that threatened birds such as scarlet tanagers and wood thrushes would do fine if given sufficient unfragmented forest habitat. Marcia also logged a golden-winged warbler at the edge of Sapsucker Ridge, a species in precipitous decline due to a lack of shrubland habitat and to competition and hybridization with the closely related blue-winged warbler, whose range is expanding northward, possibly as a consequence of global warming.

1. mallard–1
2. ruffed grouse–5
3. wild turkey–7
4. great blue heron–1
5. turkey vulture–3
6. red-tailed hawk–1
7. killdeer–1
8. mourning dove–3
9. yellow-billed cuckoo–8
10. whip-poor-will–2
11. ruby-throated hummingbird–1
12. red-bellied woodpecker–1
13. downy woodpecker–1
14. northern flicker–2
15. pileated woodpecker–2
16. eastern wood-pewee–4
17. Acadian flycatcher–4
18. eastern phoebe–2
19. great-crested flycatcher–6
20. blue-headed vireo–4
21. red-eyed vireo–20
22. blue jay–8
23. American crow–4
24. common raven–1
25. black-capped chickadee–4
26. tufted titmouse–6
27. white-breasted nuthatch–1
28. blue-gray gnatcatcher–2
29. wood thrush–11
30. American robin–2
31. gray catbird–2
32. golden-winged warbler–1
33. black-throated blue warbler–2
34. yellow-rumped warbler–2
35. black-throated green warbler–13
36. blackburnian warbler–1
37. bay-breasted warbler–1
38. black-and-white warbler–9
39. American redstart–8
40. worm-eating warbler–8
41. ovenbird–13
42. Louisiana waterthrush–1
43. common yellowthroat–7
44. hooded warbler–5
45. scarlet tanager–17
46. eastern towhee–15
47. chipping sparrow–3
48. field sparrow–4
49. song sparrow–3
50. northern cardinal–4
51. rose-breasted grosbeak–7
52. indigo bunting–6
53. common grackle–4
54. brown-headed cowbird–5
55. Baltimore oriole–2
56. American goldfinch–5

Media coverage

Blogger Gina Marie writes about her wildflower walk through Plummer’s Hollow, and has also posted a Flickr photoset. It’s always interesting to see the hollow through the eyes of its visitors. Thanks, Gina!

Frogs

The cold snap that hit in the first week of April was apparently hard on frogs throughout our area. At our local Audubon chapter’s annual spring banquet, several people told me that the wood frogs had been interrupted in their mating by the cold, and some were heard calling again late in the month, with the return of warmer temperatures. Somewhat more ominous was a report from Center County that I read on a listserve: folks on a wildflower walk along Spring Creek found a pond with many dead bullfrogs, which they thought might have all been killed by the cold.

I’ve already mentioned our own angst about our declining wood frog population here in Plummer’s Hollow over the past decade. On the other hand, however, we have more spring peepers calling this year than we’ve heard in at least twenty years. Back in the 70s, I remember hearing quite a lot of them — my bedroom window faced toward the boggy corner of the field where they tend to congregate. But then in the 80s the population crashed for some reason, and for a bunch of years we didn’t hear any. Then we started hearing one, lone peeper. The next year, two. Now we seem to be up to at least half a dozen, and it sounds like a regular chorus again.

–Dave